[Grace Toll Hall, Scripps College, Claremont]
SoCharles Eliot Norton Lectures (afterwards The Use of Poetry and the Use of Criticism)'The Relation of Criticism and Poetry' (afterwards 'Introduction');b6TSE on giving the lecture;a6 far as I can judge, my first lecture went off pretty well.1 We had it in the New Lecture Hall – I don’t know whether you have ever been there; it is quite the largest hall, with a gallery, except Sanders Theatre; it was not only full but there were crowds of people standing and sitting on the floor; and it looked as if there had been more outside who had not been able to get in. They were extremely attentive and quiet. Your humble servant more than terrified at having to address so large a gathering. So much larger it was than anything I have addressed before, that it seemed to me that I was speaking into an utter vacuum; or that every word I said would somehow become flattened out and trivial before it reached anyone. I was possessed by the feeling that I was not really keeping people’s attention, that they were really disappointed, that they were getting tired. The few opinions I have collected are wholly to the contrary; but everybody has been so kind to me that I still feel that this is only one more occasion of kindness. MyLowes, John Livingstonshepherds TSE through first lecture;a4 mentor, Professor Lowes (the dearest little creature living, and the humblest in spite of his success) came back with me, and consented to partake of a small gin and bitters (which I much needed myself) and seemed wholly satisfied and talked of holding the next in Sanders Theatre itself (I hope not). INoyes, Penelope Barkerat first Norton lecture;b7 sawEliot, Revd Christopher Rhodes (TSE's uncle)sleeps through first Norton lecture;a3 a few faces in the audience – Penelope, and Uncle Christopher who appeared to be sound asleep, but happy – SpencerSpencer, Theodoreappears deaf during first Norton lecture;a6, who looked as if he couldn’t hear a word I was saying, but said that he heard it all. Otherwise, I have no impression of the audience at all; I felt as if I was making a speech literally to an empty house. IWentworth, Elizabeth;a1 was addressed afterwards by some people I knew, who were all very kind and appeared pleased; Elizabeth Wentworth, AnnaWeld, Anna;a1 Weld whoEliot, Marion Cushing (TSE's sister)delighted with first Norton lecture;b1 came with Marion, Marion herself who was certainly happy about it, theRand, Edward Kennardat first Norton lecture;a1 vice-president of the Forum Club, GrandgentGrandgent, Charles H.;a2, Kennard Rand,2 yourPerkins, Dr John Carroll (EH's uncle)at first Norton lecture;a5 uncle who was extraordinarily kind and with whom I had a few words, andPerkins, Edith (EH's aunt)at first Norton lecture;a6 your aunt whom I only waved to across a dozen strangers. I felt that I did not succeed in conveying to him how much real pleasure it gave me that he and Mrs. Perkins should have taken the trouble to come to hear me; I wish that he might know. As we were a few minutes late in starting (owing to the fact that people kept coming in) and as Lowes had to make a tiny speech about me (excessively laudatory) to begin with, I found that I had more to say, on my manuscript, than I had time for; so the last three or four pages have got to be worked in next time. But I feel a hungry craving to know what the mass of the audience really felt about it all; how much satisfaction (in the sense of having had all that they wanted of me) they felt, and how much sympathy was established, if any. I don’t think that I shall feel any more confidence about my next lecture than I have about this. AfterwardsSpencer, Theodorehosts TSE after the first Norton lecture;a7 went to Spencer’s house, whereGarnett, DavidTSE regaled with tales of;a1 was a MrsAmericaVirginia;h7scene of David Garnett's escapade;a1. Curtis, who talked amusingly about convoying David Garnett through Virginia in search of remains of Pocohontas,3 and Lincoln Kirstein of Filene’s and the Hound & Horn, a very sympathetic and likeable young jew.4 Returned perfectly sober. And the chief pleasure of the event was the thought of writing to my dear Emily about it, and it is not altogether a pleasure after all, because I do not know what my ‘audience’ really made of it. ButCharles Eliot Norton Lectures (afterwards The Use of Poetry and the Use of Criticism)'The Relation of Criticism and Poetry' (afterwards 'Introduction');b6EH promised copy;a7 I shall be sending you a copy of my words, or that is the complete version not all of which I had time to recite (minus various gags which I introduced from time to time to liven it up).
AndHale, Emily Jose Milliken (EH's mother)reported to be better;b4 I had just time to ask Mr. Perkins privately how your mother was, and he said that she was very much better and that he had wired to you to that effect; so now I hope you are looking after yourself a little as well as after La Locandiera. I should appreciate a word from you just to reassure me on this matter.
Je te prie, chère professeur et confrère, d’agréer l’expression de mes sentiments les plus volcaniques,5
1.‘T. S. Eliot will begin Harvard Norton Lectures’, Boston Globe, Fri., Oct. 28, 1932, 5: ‘T. S. Eliot, distinguished American poet and critic, who has lived in London for some years […] will begin the first series of Norton lectures on the evening of Nov. 4 in the new lecture hall on Kirkland st, Cambridge […]
‘The subjects and dates for the first series of four lectures are Nov 4, “The Relation of Criticism and Poetry”; Nov 25, “Poetry and Criticism in the Time of Elizabeth”; Dec 2, “The Classical Tradition: Dryden on Johnson”; Dec 9, “The Theories of Coleridge and Wordsworth.”’
LoucksBlackmur, Richard Palmer ('R. P.')on TSE's first Norton lecture;a1n (‘The Exile’s Return’, 19–20) reports of TSE’s first lecture: ‘R. P. Blackmur recalled TSE as “mild, serious, nervous, very tall, very white, smiling uncertainly in round cheeks, with smooth-slick parted hair – displayed but undisplaying – altogether, I think, in an agony which he had to make serene” (Fraser 104).’
Henry Regnery, who found TSE’s ‘Oxford English’ accent ‘hard to follow’, was surprised to learn that the professor was a Midwesterner like himself (Memoirs of a Dissident Publisher [1979], 213).
2.E. KennardRand, Edward Kennard Rand (1871–1945), classicist and medievalist, taught at Harvard from 1901, becoming Pope Professor of Latin, 1931–42. Founded the Medieval Academy of America, 1925, and edited the journal Speculum. Author of Ovid and His Influence (1925); Studies in the Script of Tours (2 vols, 1929–34); The Building of Eternal Rome (Lowell Lectures, 1943). TSE to Gladys H. McCafferty, 19 June 1958: ‘Ken Rand was one of my teachers at Harvard for whom I have the warmest personal affection …’
3.See David Garnett, Pocohontas, or the Nonparell of Virginia (1933). Garnett (1892–1981), author, publisher; founder with Francis Meynell of the Nonesuch Press; author of Lady into Fox (1922; James Tait Black Memorial Prize), The Sailor’s Return (1925), Aspects of Love (1955) – the source for Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical (1989). See Sarah Knights, Bloomsbury’s Outsider: A Life of David Garnett (2015).
4.LincolnKirstein, Lincoln Kirstein (1907–96), writer, impresario, connoisseur of art, was born into a wealthy, cultivated Jewish family (his father was chief executive of the Boston department store Filene’s). At Harvard he set up, with a contemporary, Varian Fry, the periodical Hound & Horn: A Harvard Miscellany – specifically modelling it on The Criterion – which ran from 1927 until 1934. Smitten by what he styled ‘balletptomaine’, he launched in 1933, with his friend M. M. Warburg, the School of American Ballet, and then the American Ballet, which became the resident company of the Metropolitan Opera in New York. In 1946, he founded, with George Balanchine, the Ballet Society, later the New York City Ballet, of which he was General Director, 1946–89. In the 1960s he commissioned and helped to fund the New York State Theater building at the Lincoln Center. In 1935 he published Dance: A Short History of Classic Theatrical Dancing. See further Martin Duberman, The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein (2007).
5.‘I beg you, dear professor and colleague, to accept the expression of my most volcanic feelings’.
1.Marian/MarionEliot, Marion Cushing (TSE's sister) Cushing Eliot (1877–1964), fourth child of Henry Ware Eliot and Charlotte Eliot: see Biographical Register.
2.RevdEliot, Revd Christopher Rhodes (TSE's uncle) Christopher Rhodes Eliot (1856–1945) andEliot, Abigail Adams (TSE's cousin) his daughter Abigail Adams Eliot (b. 1892). ‘After taking his A.B. at Washington University in 1856, [Christopher] taught for a year in the Academic Department. He later continued his studies at Washington University and at Harvard, and received two degrees in 1881, an A.M. from Washington University and an S.T.B. from the Harvard Divinity School. He was ordained in 1882, but thereafter associated himself with eastern pastorates, chiefly with the Bulfinch Place Church in Boston. His distinctions as churchman and teacher were officially recognized by Washington University in [its] granting him an honorary Doctorate of Laws in 1925’ (‘The Eliot Family and St Louis’: appendix prepared by the Department of English to TSE’s ‘American Literature and the American Language’ [Washington University Press, 1953].)
6.DavidGarnett, David Garnett (1892–1981), author, publisher; founder with Francis Meynell of the Nonesuch Press; author of Lady into Fox (1922: James Tait Black Memorial Prize), The Sailor’s Return (1925), and Aspects of Love (1955 – the source for Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical, 1989). See Sarah Knights, Bloomsbury’s Outsider: A Life of David Garnett (2015).
7.CharlesGrandgent, Charles H. H. Grandgent (1862–1939), scholar of linguistics and phonetics, and Dante; Professor of Romance Languages, Harvard, 1896–1932; Secretary of the Modern Language Association, 1902–11; President, 1912. Founding President of the American Association of Teachers of Italian, 1923. His works include An Introduction to Vulgar Latin (Boston, 1907).
4.LincolnKirstein, Lincoln Kirstein (1907–96), writer, impresario, connoisseur of art, was born into a wealthy, cultivated Jewish family (his father was chief executive of the Boston department store Filene’s). At Harvard he set up, with a contemporary, Varian Fry, the periodical Hound & Horn: A Harvard Miscellany – specifically modelling it on The Criterion – which ran from 1927 until 1934. Smitten by what he styled ‘balletptomaine’, he launched in 1933, with his friend M. M. Warburg, the School of American Ballet, and then the American Ballet, which became the resident company of the Metropolitan Opera in New York. In 1946, he founded, with George Balanchine, the Ballet Society, later the New York City Ballet, of which he was General Director, 1946–89. In the 1960s he commissioned and helped to fund the New York State Theater building at the Lincoln Center. In 1935 he published Dance: A Short History of Classic Theatrical Dancing. See further Martin Duberman, The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein (2007).
1.JohnLowes, John Livingston Livingston Lowes (1867–1945), American scholar of English literature – author of the seminal study of Coleridge’s sources, The Road to Xanadu: A Study in the Ways of the Imagination (1927) – taught for some years, 1909–18, at Washington University, St. Louis, where he was known to TSE’s family. He later taught at Harvard, 1918–39.
12.PenelopeNoyes, Penelope Barker Barker Noyes (1891–1977), who was descended from settlers of the Plymouth Colony, lived in a historic colonial house (built in 1894 for her father James Atkins Noyes) at 1 Highland Street, Cambridge, MA. Unitarian. She was a close friend of EH.
3.DrPerkins, Dr John Carroll (EH's uncle) John Carroll Perkins (1862–1950), Minister of King’s Chapel, Boston: see Biographical Register.
2.E. KennardRand, Edward Kennard Rand (1871–1945), classicist and medievalist, taught at Harvard from 1901, becoming Pope Professor of Latin, 1931–42. Founded the Medieval Academy of America, 1925, and edited the journal Speculum. Author of Ovid and His Influence (1925); Studies in the Script of Tours (2 vols, 1929–34); The Building of Eternal Rome (Lowell Lectures, 1943). TSE to Gladys H. McCafferty, 19 June 1958: ‘Ken Rand was one of my teachers at Harvard for whom I have the warmest personal affection …’
2.TheodoreSpencer, Theodore Spencer (1902–48), writer, poet and critic, taught at Harvard, 1927–49: see Biographical Register.