[Grace Toll Hall, Scripps College, Claremont]
It was very sweet & kind of you to send me the reassuring wire which arrived on Sunday while I was out and was left under the door. I shall hope for a letter with more information tomorrow, although I do not want you to tire yourself by writing at any length to me until you are perfectly well. IAmericaCalifornia;d3as imagined by TSE;a1 pictureflowers and florapalms;c3imagined by TSE in California;a1 aflowers and florabamboo;a3imagined by TSE in California;a1 continuous, andflowers and florahibiscus;b7imagined by TSE in California;a1 rather tiring sunshine, andflowers and florabourgainvillea;a5imagined by TSE in California;a1 sub-tropical heat; cactusflowers and floracactus;a6imagined by TSE in California;a1, palms, bamboo(?) and hibiscus and bougainvillia [sic] growing in profusion: is my vision too romantic? But there is a wonderful variety of natural beauty in America; it is only the manmade town that is vile.
The last two days have been very busy. (ILittles, the Leon;a3 forgot to tell you who were present at the Littles’: Mr. and Mrs. Lord (Rossy Elliot), a Dr. and Mrs. Hamilton (’07) of whom I know nothing; and another lady who was apparently in mourning, and whom I supposed to be a widow, and whose name I did not catch. That is a vague and uninteresting report is it not? OnLovejoy, Arthur O.;a1 Saturday night at the Woods’s in Follen Street a more interesting company: Professor Lovejoy of John Hopkins,1 aPickmans, theat Professor Woods's;a1 Mr. and Mrs. Edward Pickman (apparently quite rich people)2 andGreenes, the Copley;a1 a Mr. and Mrs. Copley Greene.3 MoreWoods, Professor James Haughtonmondain for Boston;a4 matureAmericaBoston, Massachusetts;d1its society;b3 people than at the Littles’, more fashionable I should guess: I should put them at the more intellectual end of Boston society – intellectuals in society, and society people among intellectuals. MrPickman, Edward Motleywriting unfinishable book;a2. Pickman is writing a History of Latin Civilisation in many volumes, which I am told from other sources will probably never be finished.4 Woods is one of the more genuinely mondain of the professors here, butMerriman, Roger Bigelowcultivates Oxford manner;a3 without any of the slightly too conscious Oxford manner of such men as Merriman, and a more cosmopolitan view.
TheLovejoy, Arthur O.unfailingly intelligent;a2 conversation was intelligent – with Lovejoy there it could hardly be otherwise – I have known Lovejoy off and on ever since I was a small boy, and he was a professor at Washington University in St. Louis. But they stayed very late – I as a single man felt that it was not my place to make a move before either of the ladies – but I should have been glad to get away, though enjoying myself mildly, at 10:45 instead of the hour of 12:15. The result was that I overslept on Sunday, andChurch of St. John the Evangelist, Bowdoin StreetHigh Mass at;a1 had just time to get to St. John’s, Bowdoin Street (do you know where it is, just behind the State House) for High Mass at 11. AcrossAmericaand the Great Depression;a5 the common I was stopped by two individuals seemingly desperate – not like the London poor – their clothes were of a more recent shabbiness, they seemed less habituated to destitution, and did appear extremely hungry; I was moved to give them a quarter apiece – was that wrong? This seems the new phase in America, and I do not believe that either Hoover or Roosevelt will better it.5 Hurried back to Eliot House for lunch, soEliot, Margaret Dawes (TSE's sister)drains TSE;b1 as to meet my sister Margaret to go out to Arlington toStearns, Robert Chauncy (TSE's uncle);a2 call upon my uncle Rob (Stearns) whom I do not suppose you have ever seen. He was singularly unchanged, though very whitehaired; heSchubert, Franz;a1 played and sang some songs like the Erl-Koenig,6 which he used to sing, and I think was pleased by the visit. Glad to get it done and escaped from Margaret, who is a real bloodsucker; wentHinkleys, the;c7 back and took a short nap, then to the Hinkleys for supper – baked beans very good; afterTaylor, Eleanor Sanger;a1 supperTaylor, Johnpsychoanalysis explains TSE's aversion to;a1 came in Eleanor Sanger and her husband John Taylor;7 Eleanor a little stouter but otherwise identical; Taylor a pleasant enough fellow but I did not altogether take to him – was told afterwards that he is a psycho-analyst, which perhaps explains my feeling; I don’t like having analysts about. Also a Miss Wyse, whom I am sure you must have met, and who did not seem to me, at first meeting, quite to justify the reputation for wit and cleverness; and Miss Jackson, who seemed rather quick-witted, and whom I think I liked – I imagine you know her too. Conversation light and pleasant, and plenty of excellent cyder. AndHale, Emilyas actor;v8in the 'stunt show' with TSE;a6 after all, I have not the association of thrill & excitement which I had with the house in the days of the stunt-show; so things being as they are I believe it was a pleasant party. AdaHinkley, Eleanor Holmes (TSE's first cousin)theatrical success might improve;b2 believesHinkley, Susan Heywood (TSE's aunt, née Stearns)Eleanor's success might improve;a8 that if Eleanor’s play succeeds, the success should improve both Eleanor and her mother.
MondayWellesley CollegeOctober 1932 poetry reading at;a1, I lunched with Ada, who afterwards motored me out to Wellesley, where I had to give my dreaded poetry reading. I was pretty nervous, never having read to such a large audience (near 400 I should think) before, and not liking to read my own verse anyway – as I am sure you will understand; and wondering whether what I had chosen would be enough to fill up an hour, even with the comment I was expected to intersperse spontaneously. However'Gerontion'recited at Wellesley;a2, it lasted just long enough – I read Gerontion, andWaste Land, TheTSE recites at Wellesley;a7 part I of the Waste Land, andAsh Wednesdayrecited at Wellesley;a6 two parts of Ash Wednesday, andAriel Poemsrecited at Wellesley;a1 the Ariel poems. They seemed to like it, though there was no violent hysterics over it, and none of them made any attempt to kiss me. One little girl, looking about 14, in some sort of sports dress with socks etc. made a bound for the platform and arrived out of breath, so that for a moment she could only stare with saucer eyes and pant, but finally managed to utter the sentence she had leapt to pronounce, that is: ‘I WAS AT MILTON TOO!’ and had not another word to say. AfterwardsWellesley Collegepost-reading supper with English Department of;a2 weManwaring, Elizabethand Wellesley poetry reading;a1 dined with Miss Manwaring and a select number of the ladies of the faculty in a sumptuous Gothic dining room (apart from the girls) and talked genteelly about literature – one or two were a little shocked I think by my admitting that I had not read any modern novels; butHart, Sophie Chantal;a1 I liked them all, except Miss Sophy Hart8 whom I took a dislike to (prunes & prisms).9 AdaSheffield, Ada Eliot (TSE's sister)accompanies TSE to Wellesley;b2 extricated me at about 8 and motored me back: they presented me with a small Wellesley teapot and jug on leaving! So'Journey of the Magi';a3 it was (you may say) satisfactory,10 and a relief to have taken the first hurdle. ISpencer, Theodoreshares whisky and conversation with TSE;a3 got back in time to drop in at Theodore Spencer’s for a welcome glass of whisky and water and a chat. And my next hurdle is the boys who may tumble in to my ‘at home’ here at 5 to 6 tomorrow.
To-daywritingcorrespondence;a7 very rainy – pouring hard; I have sat at home all day writing necessary letters – fifteen in all; I do my correspondence in bursts, about two full days a week, and write no letters (except to you perhaps) in between. AThayer, ScofieldTSE urged to visit;a1 telephoneThayer, Florenceasks TSE to visit son in hospital;a1 call from Mrs. Thayer in Worcester asking me to go to see Scofield in a hospital (mental, I fear) in Providence;11 andMcCord, David;a1 one from David McCord12 to ask me to lunch at the StSt. Botolph Club, BostonTSE a temporary member;a1. Botolph Club, of which I am made a temporary member. And so, my dear girl, I will close, hoping for good news of you tomorrow.
1.ArthurLovejoy, Arthur O. O. Lovejoy (1873–1962), Berlin-born philosopher; Professor of Philosophy, Washington University, St Louis, 1901–8 – where he became acquainted with the Eliot family – and Professor of Philosophy at Johns Hopkins University, 1910–38; editor of the Journal of the History of Ideas. Author of The Great Chain of Being (1936).
2.EdwardPickman, Edward Motley Motley Pickman (1886–1959) and his wife, Hester Marion Pickman, née Chanler (1898–1989), were descended from an affluent and cultivated New England trading family: they had homes on Beacon Hill, Boston, and at Old Farm, Bedford, Mass. They had six children. See Hugh Whitney, ‘Edward Motley Pickman’, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 3rd series, 72 (Oct. 1957–Dec. 1960), 364–70.
3.HenryGreenes, the CopleyGreene, Henry Copley
4.Pickman, The Mind of Latin Christendom (New York, 1937).
5.Herbert Hoover (1874–1964): Republican politician; 31st President of the USA, 1929–33: he was in power during the early years of the Great Depression.
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945), Democratic politician; President of the USA, 1933–45. He won four presidential elections in succession, beginning with a landslide victory over the incumbent Herbert Hoover. He was to take office for the first time on 4 Mar. 1933, at the height of the Great Depression, and instituted a radical executive programme to provide relief for the unemployed and farmers, and to secure economic recovery: this was the ‘New Deal’.
6.‘Erlkönig’: setting (1815) by Franz Schubert of the poem (1782) by Goethe.
7.EleanorTaylor, Eleanor Sanger Sanger Taylor (1891–1982). John Taylor (1891–1964).
8.SophieHart, Sophie Chantal Chantal Hart (d. 1948, Head of the English Composition Department, Wellesley College, 1897–1937. Edited Tennyson’s Idylls of the King and an edition of Carlyle’s Essays.
9.‘Papa, potatoes, poultry, prunes and prisms are all very good words for the lips’ (Charles Dickens, Little Dorrit, 1857).
10.See ‘Journey of the Magi’:
But there was no information, and so we continued
And arrived at evening, not a moment too soon
Finding the place; it was (you may say) satisfactory […]
11.ScofieldThayer, Scofield Thayer (1890–1982), American poet and publisher; pioneering editor of the Dial. Thayer came from a wealthy New England family, which enabled him to travel and to become a patron of the arts. He was a friend of TSE from Milton Academy, where he was his junior by a year. Like TSE, he went on to Harvard and Oxford, where from 1914 he spent two years studying philosophy at Magdalen College: it was in his rooms there that TSE met Vivien Haigh-Wood in 1915. From 1919 to 1925 he was editor of the Dial, having joined forces with James Sibley Watson (who became president of the magazine) to save it from closure. Re-launched as a monthly in January 1920, the Dial became the most enterprising cultural and arts magazine in the USA. It published TSE’s ‘London Letters’ and The Waste Land as well as important essays by him such as ‘Ulysses, Order and Myth’; Yeats, Pound, Cummings, Joyce and others of the most important Anglophone modernists; and influential European writers including Mann, Hofmannsthal and Valéry. A meeting between Thayer and Lady Rothermere prompted her to finance the Criterion, with Eliot as editor.
In 1921 Thayer settled in Vienna, where, while continuing remotely to edit the Dial, he underwent analysis with Sigmund Freud. He suffered a series of breakdowns, resigning from the magazine in June 1926. In 1930 his mother had him certified insane, and he was kept in the custody of male nurses until his death on 9 July 1982. Watson kept going with the Dial, and Marianne Moore took over as editor until its final issue in 1929. Moore judged Thayer to be ‘very quiet friendly polished and amusing’, and ‘in his discernment and interplay of metaphor … very brilliant’ (Selected Letters of Marianne Moore, ed. Bonnie Costello [1998]).
See Nicholas Joost, Scofield Thayer and ‘The Dial’ (1964); ‘The Madness of Scofield Thayer', in John Richardson's Sacred Monsters, Sacred Masters (2001), 17–29; Alex Beam, Gracefully Insane: The Rise and Fall of America’s Premier Mental Hospital (New York, 2001), 100–6; and James Dempsey, The Tortured Life of Scofield Thayer (University Press of Florida, 2014).
12.DavidMcCord, David McCord (1897–1977), poet; fundraiser; executive director of Harvard College Fund.
6.MargaretEliot, Margaret Dawes (TSE's sister) Dawes Eliot (1871–1956), TSE's second-oldest sister sister, resident in Cambridge, Mass. In an undated letter (1952) to his Harvard friend Leon M. Little, TSE wrote: ‘Margaret is 83, deaf, eccentric, recluse (I don’t think she has bought any new clothes since 1900).’
3.HenryGreenes, the CopleyGreene, Henry Copley
8.SophieHart, Sophie Chantal Chantal Hart (d. 1948, Head of the English Composition Department, Wellesley College, 1897–1937. Edited Tennyson’s Idylls of the King and an edition of Carlyle’s Essays.
5.EleanorHinkley, Eleanor Holmes (TSE's first cousin) Holmes Hinkley (1891–1971), playwright; TSE’s first cousin; daughter of Susan Heywood Stearns – TSE’s maternal aunt – and Holmes Hinkley: see Biographical Register.
1.ArthurLovejoy, Arthur O. O. Lovejoy (1873–1962), Berlin-born philosopher; Professor of Philosophy, Washington University, St Louis, 1901–8 – where he became acquainted with the Eliot family – and Professor of Philosophy at Johns Hopkins University, 1910–38; editor of the Journal of the History of Ideas. Author of The Great Chain of Being (1936).
12.DavidMcCord, David McCord (1897–1977), poet; fundraiser; executive director of Harvard College Fund.
3.ElizabethManwaring, Elizabeth Manwaring (1879–1959), a Professor of English at Wellesley College, was author of a pioneering study, Italian Landscape in Eighteenth Century England: a study chiefly of the influence of Claude Lorrain and Salvator Rosa on English Taste, 1700–1800 (New York, 1925). Good friend of TSE’s sister Marian.
3.RogerMerriman, Roger Bigelow Bigelow Merriman (1876–1945), the first Master of Eliot House, Harvard, which was opened in 1931. Born in Boston and educated at Harvard (PhD, 1902), he studied also at Balliol College, Oxford, and in Berlin. He was appointed Professor of History at Harvard in 1918. His writings include Life and Letters of Thomas Cromwell (1902), Rise of the Spanish Empire (4 vols, 1918–34) and Suleiman the Magnificent (1944). He was a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a vice-president of the Massachusetts Historical Society; and he received honorary degrees from Oxford, Glasgow and Cambridge. Robert Speaight was to say of him, in The Property Basket: Recollections of a Divided Life (1970), 187: ‘A ripe character and erudite historian of the Spanish Empire, Merriman was Balliol to the backbone. At Oxford he was known as “Lumps” and at Harvard he was known as “Frisky”, and while his appearance suggested the first his ebullience did not contradict the second.’
2.EdwardPickman, Edward Motley Motley Pickman (1886–1959) and his wife, Hester Marion Pickman, née Chanler (1898–1989), were descended from an affluent and cultivated New England trading family: they had homes on Beacon Hill, Boston, and at Old Farm, Bedford, Mass. They had six children. See Hugh Whitney, ‘Edward Motley Pickman’, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 3rd series, 72 (Oct. 1957–Dec. 1960), 364–70.
2.AdaSheffield, Ada Eliot (TSE's sister) Eliot Sheffield (1869–1943), eldest of the seven Eliot children; author of The Social Case History: Its Construction and Content (1920) and Social Insight in Case Situations (1937): see Biographical Register.
2.TheodoreSpencer, Theodore Spencer (1902–48), writer, poet and critic, taught at Harvard, 1927–49: see Biographical Register.
7.EleanorTaylor, Eleanor Sanger Sanger Taylor (1891–1982). John Taylor (1891–1964).
11.ScofieldThayer, Scofield Thayer (1890–1982), American poet and publisher; pioneering editor of the Dial. Thayer came from a wealthy New England family, which enabled him to travel and to become a patron of the arts. He was a friend of TSE from Milton Academy, where he was his junior by a year. Like TSE, he went on to Harvard and Oxford, where from 1914 he spent two years studying philosophy at Magdalen College: it was in his rooms there that TSE met Vivien Haigh-Wood in 1915. From 1919 to 1925 he was editor of the Dial, having joined forces with James Sibley Watson (who became president of the magazine) to save it from closure. Re-launched as a monthly in January 1920, the Dial became the most enterprising cultural and arts magazine in the USA. It published TSE’s ‘London Letters’ and The Waste Land as well as important essays by him such as ‘Ulysses, Order and Myth’; Yeats, Pound, Cummings, Joyce and others of the most important Anglophone modernists; and influential European writers including Mann, Hofmannsthal and Valéry. A meeting between Thayer and Lady Rothermere prompted her to finance the Criterion, with Eliot as editor.
2.JamesWoods, Professor James Haughton Haughton Woods (1864–1935), Professor of Philosophy at Harvard University, 1913–34. He gave courses in Indian philosophy, and his Yoga System of Patanjali (1914) was the first American scholarly study of Indian philosophy. TSE studied Greek Philosophy with Woods in 1911–12, and ‘Philosophical Sanskrit’ in 1912–13. After TSE submitted his thesis, Woods told him he wanted to create a ‘berth’ for him in the Philosophy Department at Harvard. TSE was later to record that ‘a year in the mazes of Patanjali’s metaphysics under the guidance of James Woods left me in a state of enlightened mystification’ (After Strange Gods, 40).