[No surviving envelope]
Letter 22.
YourSecond World WarVJ Day;f8 letter of the 27th July (by ordinary mail) arrived over a week ago, in the midst of the V-J ‘celebrations’.1 It was not a very comfortable week. These suddenly imposed ‘holidays’ are to be dreaded; atSecond World WarVE Day;f6 the time of the previous celebrations I was in Paris, so it didn’t matter. This time I was caught in London – went out on Wednesday morning to find that that day and the next were holidays. I had two appointments on that day, so it didn’t seem worth while going to the country on the Thursday. No one at the office, restaurants crowded, no shops open, and beer and tobacco unprocurable. The centre of London full of people, wandering aimlessly about: not disorderly, but occasional loud firecrackers – a noise I now find unbearable. In the evening, buses and tubes very full so walked back to Kensington after dinner: was struck by the very high proportion of young girls, I suppose from offices and factories, roaming about together, and the comparatively small number of men. Whether I picked up a germ, or whether, as I thought, I poisoned myself from the tooth which I had had out, I don’t know, but when I got back to Shamley I developed an infected throat, and kept my bed for three days – under the instructions of the cautious local doctor, but also to keep out of the way, there being such a natural terror of infection in that household on account of Christian Science. So I haven’t been up to town this week, and have been taking things very easy: and in this period of change I am not attempting any serious work anyway. TwoShamley Wood, SurreyTSE's gradual removal from;b7 weeks, and Shamley will see me no more.
The14 Elvaston Place, London;a4 room in Elvaston Place is, actually, the best I could get. Accommodation of any sort is very difficult to find indeed, and I am lucky to have this. OtherwiseMrs Lister (wife of 'Lister');a3 I should be stuck at Russell Square, andFaber, Enid Eleanor;c3 that would mean asking favours of both Enid and Mrs. Lister. The19 Carlyle Mansions, Londondescribed;a7 flat in Carlyle Mansions is, for the purpose, ideal. JohnHayward, Johnand Carlyle Mansions;m1 shall have the bigger front room, as it is easier for him to live in one big room altogether than to move about, and the front rooms look out on the river. We propose to make the other a ‘public room’, and I can have three smaller rooms round the corner, and needn’t ever see him or his guests; while the servant, if we get one, will be self-contained in a bedroom beyond the kitchen, which is separated by a door in the passage. The practical advantages for me are, first, the use of his furniture – otherwise I should if alone have to find a furnished flat, which would be more expensive; and second, I shall leave the housekeeping and chief control of the servant to him, as he is used to that sort of thing. As to how long this arrangement is to last, it is not worth while at present trying to look so far ahead as that, as the whole future is so uncertain. I note what you say, and I dare say you will prove right – if conditions permit. One doesn’t know when, or whether, the conditions of life will become easier. And even this flat is not yet certain. I have put in my appeal to the Chelsea Borough Council, and if they grant a licence for the work (and here again, John’s being a cripple may be taken into account to our advantage) it remains to be seen that the landlords don’t play any tricks with the lease at the last moment.
Oncetravels, trips and planspossible post-war American visit;f6ideally ancillary to work;a6 settled, I could begin to think about possibilities of a visit to America – which has certainly never been absent from my mind. The best thing, from my point of view, would be to be sent on some mission for several months, with the opportunity for some free time in Massachusetts. An academic position, for a whole year, would involve taking other things into account – I could not leave my colleagues in the lurch at the period of reorganising the business in new quarters; I should like to get some writing done first; America is not a good place for me to work and think in, but ideal for a holiday. Anyway, I intend to decline European lectures during 1946: I am just about to write to Switzerland declining one offer which would have been very interesting if there was nothing else one wanted to do; and I intend to decline the invitation to Italy which I expect to get before the spring. Of course, if the restrictions on travel were removed, I should like best to come over for a month or two on my own: but with England so crippled and impoverished, I expect that we shall be discouraged from spending any money abroad for a long time to come.
OnBritish General Election1945but welcomes change of government;a4 theLabour Party, thebetter suited to the times;a7 whole, I think that the change of government here may be a good thing. The Labour Party had to get in at some time, if we are to continue to have party government: it had better learn its experience now. IChurchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencerunsuited to peacetime office;b2 think that Churchill has given his best, and I was always doubtful of his suitability as a peace time Prime Minister. If the Conservatives had got in, the party would have become very unpopular, as it would have got the blame for everything unpleasant that is going to happen anyway. The party needed a time in opposition: in our way of government any party deteriorates, though in different ways, if it is in too long or out too long. Now it has at least a change [sc. chance] of getting rid of some of its more undesirable influences. AndEden, Anthonycompared to Labour alternative;a4 in foreign policy, I think that the Labour Party, with a strong majority and a strong Foreign Minister, may be in a position to do better than Eden could. There was, inside the Conservative Party, a good deal of resentment and anxiety about some of Churchill’s friends: and the party has got to learn to outlive Churchill. I am, of course, uncertain of the effects of some domestic, especially financial policy: but I think that the policy of the Labour Party will be re-shaped by events rather than controlled by doctrinaires. OneLaski, Harold J.TSE's reason for fearing Labour Party;a1 is told that Laski is very heartily disliked in certain quarters in his own party, as well as generally outside; and I am hoping that in the struggle for ascendency he will get the worst of it. But I have always disliked Laski. Certainly, the Parliamentary system is going through a critical period, but such a period was bound to come, and the longer it was postponed the more dangerous it would have been. I am not without hope: but I think that Britain is going to pass through very, very hard times in the next five years, whatever party is in power; and perhaps some of the popular ideas of the day may undergo great change in a very short time. But a Conservative Government in power now, would probably have gone on making concession after concession until it vanished; whereas in opposition it can at least afford to stick to its principles – and to look out for some principles to stick to.
ISecond World Waratomic bomb;f9 think the means by which the sudden victory over Japan was achieved did much to quench any sentiment of exhilaration.2 I am still more doubtful whether the use of such a weapon at this stage of the war was morally justified. Japan had nothing of the sort, and victory sooner or later was assured anyway. Of course people can say that this destruction saved many lives: but when I reflect that that was the excuse given by the Germans, for their wholesale bombing of Warsaw and Rotterdam, and for much else of their ruthlessness, I am not very happy with this justification. AndAbyssinia CrisisItalian atrocities during;b1 when I read that many of the people who are only lightly injured by the atomic bomb, suffer from burns which simply do not heal, I think of all the horror that we expressed when we read of the Italians using mustard gas in Abyssinia, and the incurable burns it caused. The use of this bomb may, of course, have had something to do with our apprehensions of Russia: if that was so, and one could have all the facts and arguments, one might have to re-examine the moral question – I don’t know. But I am afraid that a great deal of what is being said about this bomb being a blessing in disguise, because it will ‘put an end to war’, is just eye-wash. It can only do that by giving the people who have the resources to make it, a power over those who have not – a power which would certainly become a tyranny.
You are right in suspecting that I dislike change, that I don’t know how to start things going, and that I like to follow the line of the least resistance. I admit all that.
I was glad that your letter was still postmarked ‘Dorset’. But I should think that a visit to Mrs. Greeley should be a good change to end off the summer. Andtravels, trips and plansTSE's 1945 September fortnight in Lee;f7;a4 you will be back in Concord just as I go off to Devon.
1.In the United Kingdom, 15 August was assigned as the official Victory over Japan Day – VJ Day.
2.The USA dropped two atomic bombs on Japanese cities: on Hiroshima on 6 Aug. 1945; Nagasaki on 9 Aug. It has been calculated that up to 226,000 people died, whether directly from the bombs or from the terrible after-effects.
1.TheEden, Anthony Rt. Hon. Anthony Eden, MC, MP (1897–1977), Conservative politician; Foreign Secretary, 1940–5; Prime Minister, 1955–7. Appointed to the Order of the Garter, 1954; raised to the peerage as Earl of Avon, 1961.
1.TSE was mistaken here. EnidFaber, Enid Eleanor Eleanor Faber (1901–95) was the daughter of Sir Henry Erle Richards (1861–1922), Fellow of All Souls College and Chichele Professor of International Law and Diplomacy at Oxford University, and Mary Isabel Butler (1868–1945).
11.JohnHayward, John Davy Hayward (1905–65), editor and critic: see Biographical Register.
8.HaroldLaski, Harold J. J. Laski (1893–1950), Professor of Political Science, London School of Economics, 1926–50; editor of the Left Book Club; chairman of the Labour Party, 1945–6.
1.AnneMrs Lister (wife of 'Lister') Ridler, Memoirs, 122, onLister (caretaker at 24 Russell Square, formerly Faber's butler) Mr and Mrs Lister, the caretaker and his wife at 24 Russell Square: ‘Lister had been butler to the Fabers at their house in Frognal, and used to regale me (when I stayed late at the office) with stories of his experience there and at the Front in the First World War […] Lister was critical of his employers: “I think you Miss might have more sense in running this place than what they do.” Now he and his wife had twins, and occupied the top floor of No. 24.’